【影片原名】Citizen Kane
* D' J# u2 z4 V" \0 F【中文译名】公民凯恩/大国民
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【出品公司】Mercury Productions
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【上映日期】1941年9月5日 美国
$ ], ^% h! G$ U0 z1 `( e) O' n+ q. X【影片级别】Canada:F (Ontario) | Canada:G (Manitoba/Nova Scotia/Quebec) | Netherlands:6 | South Korea:12 | Brazil
ivre
, m4 v' h( l- z J【IMDB链接】
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0033467// w! H9 e( u- N+ @; ? q
【
IMDB评分】
8.6/10 (156,853 votes) Top 250: #38
: F9 z( y5 s+ s2 |: Z【国 家】美国
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【类 别】剧情/悬疑
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【导 演】奥逊·威尔斯 Orson Welles
( f/ k! |$ k! Z! K【主 演】奥逊·威尔斯 Orson Welles ....Kane
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多萝西·康明戈尔 Dorothy Comingore ....Susan Alexander Kane
4 m' `( p! n! J' Z 阿格妮丝·摩尔海德 Agnes Moorehead ....Mary Kane
2 W' s* X9 B: o) I9 ?7 i/ C! ` 约瑟夫·科顿 Joseph Cotten ....Jedediah Leland
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鲁斯·沃里克 Ruth Warrick ....Emily Monroe Norton Kane
0 p0 @5 I/ ~# ] Ray Collins ....James W. Gettys
7 |5 X; U! d+ M9 l$ x, H Erskine Sanford ....Herbert Carter
& i7 H' T6 j* E' s/ m Everett Sloane ....Mr. Bernstein
) V' c- O' Y$ L' K" d& j 威廉·阿伦德 William Alland ....Jerry Thompson
6 D6 Y7 d( q% k- x6 H+ r Paul Stewart ....Raymond
' z/ {; Y# Q/ o9 n9 J+ o/ G 乔治·库鲁里斯 George Coulouris ....Walter Parks Thatcher
: K# X, `1 N) y0 R+ e) u 福图尼奥·博纳诺瓦 Fortunio Bonanova ....Matiste
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Gus Schilling ....The Headwaiter
* f/ @1 Z/ v$ K+ x" ~2 x Philip Van Zandt ....Mr. Rawlston
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Georgia Backus ....Miss Anderson
) O* A: A5 f7 m: T/ i3 B Harry Shannon ....Kane's Father
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Sonny Bupp ....Kane III
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Buddy Swan ....Kane - Age Eight
% e2 ]+ n3 R+ I: [! U+ p Don Ackerman ....Man at Party in Everglades (uncredited)
+ R# c: c/ `8 Z- t0 `) n: D Loretta Agar ....Dancing Girl (uncredited)
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Demetrius Alexis ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
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Peter Allen ....Man in Senate Investigating Committee (uncredited)
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William Alston ....Man at Xanadu Great Hall (uncredited)
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Baudelio Alva ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
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T. Lockwood Arbright ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
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Sam Ash ....Man at Boat Dock (uncredited)
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Michael Audley ....Man in Projection Room (uncredited)
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Walter Bacon ....City Room Employee (uncredited)
+ b1 a; h+ ` N( z3 y) S2 \ Harry A. Bailey ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Alva Baudena ....Extra in Newsreel (uncredited)
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Charles Bennett ....Entertainer (uncredited)
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Joan Blair ....Georgia (uncredited)
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Danny Borzage ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
U, C$ U- B L9 }0 n Robert Brent ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
( j# j5 x; ^* g( P7 @2 E James Brought ....Extra in Newsreel (uncredited)
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Morgan Brown ....Servant (uncredited)
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Harry Burkhardt ....Wedding Guest (uncredited)
8 g6 p3 C1 y( g! y2 V William Calkins ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Porter Chase ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Gene Chervow ....Extra in Newsreel (uncredited)
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J.J. Clark ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
; R) }" M P/ @ Dorothy Cleveland ....Person in Front of 'Chronicle' Building (uncredited)
9 ~( s2 Y$ w, o G! V6 B 埃德蒙·科博 Edmund Cobb ....Inquirer Reporter (uncredited)
5 @& N# u% G" n1 u4 K Eddie Coke ....Reporter (uncredited)
4 @$ C# @' Y6 O9 w 纳·京·科尔 Nat 'King' Cole ....Pianist in 'El Rancho' (uncredited)
5 [6 i; Z H' ^. c2 S! a/ p ]" U( z Tom Coleman ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
" M- p6 m5 j/ w3 z; l! @) a Gene Coogan ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
1 v: z3 Y- d/ U8 t2 G" a: h& P Sally Corner ....Woman at Boat Deck (uncredited)
, V, \- B9 W/ [% h Gino Corrado ....Gino (uncredited)
6 \' J& P$ _# W" H, K Herbert Corthell ....City Editor (uncredited)
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Irene Crosby ....Dancer (uncredited)
1 ?' ~/ W7 Y: r8 e6 G Charles Cross ....Man at Opera (uncredited)
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Thomas A. Curran ....Teddy Roosevelt (uncredited)
$ R2 |8 v8 E. q% O+ \ Louise Currie ....Reporter at Xanadu (uncredited)
: N3 I- [9 Q' a% T' R Jack Curtis ....Boss Printer (uncredited)
8 C9 }6 S2 f7 l Ed Dahlen ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
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Ernie Daniels ....Hireling - Chicago Inquirer (uncredited)
# M$ y* @3 S- [* Z" b% g% k Coy Danz ....Nurse on Hospital Roof (uncredited)
* m" Q( ?! y& i' [: c* S3 O Margaret Davis ....Dancer (uncredited)
* \* b. ^& B& r+ U# Q4 } Tim Davis ....Copy Boy (uncredited)
2 U( Z5 @6 L2 ` Donna Dax ....House Maid (uncredited)
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Marie Day ....Insert Bit (uncredited)
2 d6 W! N0 D3 T, m% K+ F9 B Petra R. de Silva ....Newswoman (uncredited)
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Gayle DeCamp ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Frances Deets ....Dancer (uncredited)
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Carl Deloro ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
8 q( v+ l' a5 {0 E. v/ z George DeNormand ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
) ^1 Q* e$ T. O Eddie Dew ....Man in Projection Room (uncredited)
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John Dilson ....Ward Heeler (uncredited)
7 @6 [3 b! d! J Robert Dudley ....Photographer (uncredited)
5 J' v6 o1 ^' L$ k: L Lou Duello ....Man at Opera (uncredited)
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Suzanne Dulier ....French Maid (uncredited)
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Art Dupuis ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
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Pauline Easterday ....Dancer (uncredited)
0 }2 E4 x; C8 j; D; K1 ]0 P1 q Al Eben ....Solly (uncredited)
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Johnny Eckert ....Driver of Car (uncredited)
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Jack Egan ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Carl Ekberg ....Adolf Hitler (uncredited)
2 @8 c% X6 R w* Z- k2 e: \0 M& f Dick Elmore ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
y. ^! C$ o. \4 V4 z2 v Edith Evanson ....Leland's Nurse (uncredited)
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Carl Faulkner ....Hermann Goring (uncredited)
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Juanita Fields ....Dancer (uncredited)
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Jack Floyd ....Hireling - Chicago Inquirer (uncredited)
1 l6 V6 M, P$ f8 E0 P0 a; w3 _7 a. Z Ray Flynn ....City Room Employee (uncredited)
* O9 l {/ f4 n; {) R; B7 G Monty Ford ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Jean Forward ....Opera Singer (uncredited)
* x8 S9 Y) ~9 c0 k9 M: R" j Olin Francis ....Expressman (uncredited)
5 f$ r6 i- m' Q5 M' a( K, Z ` Louise Franklin ....Susan's Maid (uncredited)
* J6 Q' N% K, d7 q/ Z& y& z3 o Al Frazier ....Gorilla Man (uncredited)
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Guy Gada ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
+ R2 e% i$ `* q' M( c Gloria Gale ....Dancer (uncredited)
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Captain Garcia ....General in 'News on the March' (uncredited)
5 g/ H( D) v$ i# U2 u' D9 _ Jack Gargan ....Man at Xanadu Great Hall (uncredited)
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Bud Geary ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
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Rudolph Germaine ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
* w; H$ I, }+ L( c) [5 x0 ^$ h6 W Bob Gladman ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
h& x' Z; m8 W; R A# W+ [3 Z Renee Godfrey ....Nurse (uncredited)
& ]6 A6 o. }9 z$ @ Jerry Gordon ....Dancer (uncredited)
' h ^$ o" s$ v7 k7 _ Peter Gowland ....Guest (uncredited)
+ ~$ }4 r& n( }6 O Jimmy Grant ....Man at Party in Everglades (uncredited)
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Jesse Graves ....Joseph (uncredited)
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Ernest Grooney ....Man on Hospital Roof (uncredited)
$ a( i& \8 ?4 X/ T Jack Gwynne ....Man on Hospital Roof (uncredited)
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Bobby Haines ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Frank Haney ....City Room Employee (uncredited)
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Harry Harris ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
/ p8 s8 ~9 k! W0 K Sam Harris ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
. u3 U, O/ t/ J1 _ Lew Harvey ....Newspaper Man (uncredited)
/ Z& a8 c" R& q" s; I! Q Henry Hebert ....Best Man at Wedding (uncredited)
+ ]! N+ Y; a* r" z3 d6 R) C Edward L. Hemmer ....Bit Part (uncredited)
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Cliff Herd ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
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Bryan 'Slim' Hightower ....Fish Driver (uncredited)
0 j2 ~, k1 j! ~3 d0 ] Harlan Hoagland ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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John Huettner ....Man at Xanadu Great Hall (uncredited)
) f1 g$ P3 A# W7 D Mitchell Ingraham ....Politician (uncredited)
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Jack Itay ....Man at Madison Square Garden (uncredited)
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Jack Jahries ....Extra in Newsreel (uncredited)
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Walter James ....Ward Heeler (uncredited)
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George W. Jimenez ....Waiter at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Clayton Jones ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
5 l5 V' y( c# V/ Q' m Edna Mae Jones ....Dancer (uncredited)
- i9 n5 ^$ ?/ F9 t# [$ l4 p" D Harry Jones ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
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Alexander Julian ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
8 C7 ]- e Y G1 W8 v V# ^0 k Bill Kane ....Man on Hospital Roof (uncredited)
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Arthur Kay ....Orchestra Leader (uncredited)
4 E8 x$ i: f1 ~1 e Ivy Keene ....Driver of Car / Woman in Loggia Scene (uncredited)
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E. Kerry ....Person in Front of 'Chronicle' Building (uncredited)
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Milton Kibbee ....Reporter at Wedding (uncredited)
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Laura Knight ....Dancer (uncredited)
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艾伦·拉德 Alan Ladd ....Reporter Smoking Pipe at End (uncredited)
* G0 N" o' Q' X0 r9 ] Mike Lally ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
; V* r; M* J! x Q: s9 k/ H! k Carmen Laroux ....Maid in Corridor in Xanadu (uncredited)
. o/ w1 v5 h- T& ` Perc Launders ....Man in Projection Room (uncredited)
3 O& D- G- H0 i- X9 r Walter Lawrence ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
+ \$ D3 V* r1 w' U Bob Lawson ....City Room Employee (uncredited)
( v6 D0 w S# Q. f" D0 a( _. g- A* l: I Bert LeBaron ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
# B( w1 G# ?6 I David Ledner ....Extra in Newsreel (uncredited)
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Adam Linke ....Druggist (uncredited)
8 ^8 q3 I, L; m- \% Q J.D. Lockhart ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Mary Lorraine ....Dancer (uncredited)
R) q& A: q* {9 d# y0 x. r% Q- J) ` Ellen Lowe ....Miss Townsend (uncredited)
4 K9 d: P0 F/ t2 O4 `* b Ludwig Lowry ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
; O1 [0 J% k4 ] Buck Mack ....Reporter at Boat Deck (uncredited)
- |0 Q9 u1 y8 E/ {/ j James T. Mack ....Prompter (uncredited)
5 E! H" a$ _ [ Evelyn Mackert ....Woman at Boat Dock (uncredited)
4 Q, t& c O, s, g+ p6 g! p H5 a Teddy Mangean ....Man on Roof (uncredited)
$ D1 n; [; B7 j* d6 C; o; i 赫尔曼·J·曼凯维奇 Herman J. Mankiewicz ....Newspaperman (uncredited)
7 F1 j% h9 S5 a- f5 M Jack Manolas ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
0 ~1 J! H# s# }1 y7 v( b. H Joe Manz ....Jennings (uncredited)
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Loretta Marsh ....Dancer (uncredited)
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Mickey Martin ....Newsboy (uncredited)
! z) ~& ?* i; X Clyde McAtee ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
- @. {6 ~9 u) e6 I7 J4 Q6 q Major McBride ....Shadowgraph Man (uncredited)
* r$ ]5 j# Q+ y; x! o Frank McClure ....Minor Role (uncredited)
5 _ w7 H& c. N6 m6 D Lee McCluskey ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
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John McCormack ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Charles Meakin ....Civic Leader (uncredited)
8 _6 Q: i# Z& p' E+ T! Z! i! v Hercules Mendez ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
8 p. ?4 C+ ^1 y" }+ V# {; V$ b Jim Merritt ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
" w6 T; K$ f; C5 Q& o8 N1 \2 M7 v Buddy Messinger ....Man at Boat Dock (uncredited)
& ~% _& Y8 d# j) Q' O q) B Y4 M E.G. Miller ....Neville Chamberlain / Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
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Irving Mitchell ....Dr. Corey (uncredited)
9 f6 ]# T8 t$ {. x3 @ Bert Moorhouse ....Man at Xanadu Great Hall (uncredited)
0 A3 G9 t: M' h% k& Q Philip Morris ....Politician (uncredited)
# N$ s* g' b- e- @+ M' m Jack Morton ....Butler (uncredited)
' S, t% j( b5 Y0 L7 S9 e- k6 } Louis Natheaux ....Reporter (uncredited)
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Frances E. Neal ....Ethel (uncredited)
1 H* e' @6 q) Y: S* ?* _ J Lillian Nicholson ....Woman at Opera (uncredited)
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Leda Nicova ....Dancer (uncredited)
6 |: Z, I. M5 i6 S9 ~8 U$ \3 Q George Noisom ....Copy Boy (uncredited)
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Joseph North ....Male Secretary (uncredited)
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John Northpole ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
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Field Norton ....Opera Spectator (uncredited)
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William H. O'Brien ....Male Secretary (uncredited)
" F5 w' p( H7 V9 z( { 阿瑟·奥康纳 Arthur O'Connell ....Reporter (uncredited)
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Frank O'Connor ....Man at Madison Square Garden (uncredited)
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Paddy O'Flynn ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
5 d K4 z& N3 s( w3 N4 b5 {$ k Lillian O'Malley ....Person in Front of 'Chronicle' Building (uncredited)
% f/ l; Y; M5 B. Z% P6 `# M, F Edward Peil Jr. ....Civic Leader (uncredited)
, a5 O) o/ {7 L Gerald Pierce ....Copy Boy Delivering Message in Chicago Hotel Room (uncredited)
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Thomas Pogue ....Man (uncredited)
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Russ Powell ....Man at Madison Square Garden (uncredited)
3 g, Q0 ^& e9 n0 P J.R. Ralston ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Terrance Ray ....Man at Boat Dock / Man at Madison Square Garden (uncredited)
7 R% E. ]1 u3 n Jack Raymond ....Stagehand (uncredited)
7 R, R' n' B% ~. }6 p4 T William Reed ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
4 }5 K* M: A& q% z5 D2 r5 I Guy Repp ....Reporter (uncredited)
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Jolane Reynolds ....Dancer (uncredited)
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Sam Rice ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
' K9 @' o- p C Verne Richards ....City Room Employee (uncredited)
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Suzanne Ridgeway ....Dancer (uncredited)
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Cyril Ring ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
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Myrtle Rishell ....Big Governess (uncredited)
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Jack Robbins ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
& \& R( R7 r. _2 V Don Roberts ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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George Rogers ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
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Victor Romito ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
$ P$ `/ S2 g* M, \& y" N9 ?. ~: C 本尼·鲁宾 Benny Rubin ....Smather (uncredited)
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Shimen Ruskin ....Hireling (uncredited)
! ], h5 ]/ R8 @0 Z/ ]2 V `$ H Edward Ryan ....Man in Inquirer City Room (uncredited)
* B2 P1 c9 \& u( l+ P1 s4 J. k Jack Ryan ....Man at Madison Square Garden (uncredited)
( E P0 B1 a4 E0 ]2 q8 Z6 n Robert Samven ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
* w% ?+ d/ E+ ?0 g) O Walter Sande ....Reporter at Xanadu (uncredited)
: h* q% q8 y$ L- A1 g; m u Jack Santoro ....Man at Xanadu Great Hall (uncredited)
7 {. C/ c1 a& s6 U Francis Sayles ....Politician (uncredited)
# `1 W( T7 t8 r' l0 T Dick Scott ....Opera Spectator (uncredited)
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Ruth Seeley ....Dancer (uncredited)
4 O" w4 H: o' H, F0 ?6 I George Sherwood ....Hireling (uncredited)
: ~/ P* T5 k, G: z6 ]" V. p# ?+ a" q4 @& T Brent Shugar ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
3 v4 P% X/ ~/ b& W9 ?( F Bruce Sidney ....Newsman (uncredited)
* j& `* v% H, C; f Guy Smith ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
& g8 F i5 y `. k Roy Smith ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Vince Speaker ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
. F1 V9 e# `+ F, i' j George Sperry ....City Room Employee (uncredited)
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Sam Steele ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
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Ralph Stein ....Hireling, Chicago Inquirer (uncredited)
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Bert Stevens ....Man at Madison Square Garden (uncredited)
I9 U, r" Y$ A& Z: E7 p Landers Stevens ....Senate Investigator (uncredited)
$ i# n4 \/ V3 `' r. E% H Dimas Sutteno ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
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Jack Taylor ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
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Norman Taylor ....Man in Senate Investigating Committee (uncredited)
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Bob Terry ....Extra in Newsreel (uncredited)
& p# O8 [1 y( k* `+ W I, l- w Karl Thomas ....Jetsam (uncredited)
* b S8 Z( A' N0 O# } Robert B. Tobin ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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格雷格·托兰德 Gregg Toland ....Interviewer in 1935 Newsreel (uncredited)
, l Y$ b, Y7 n+ l# G Kathryn Trosper ....Reporter at Xanadu (uncredited)
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Fred Trowbridge ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Glen Turnbull ....Flotsam (uncredited)
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Gohr Van Vleck ....Stagehand (uncredited)
, t0 W, G2 ]; S U/ ` Harry J. Vejar ....Portuguese Laborer (uncredited)
/ ^7 N+ V5 i$ |2 J k# m3 f Tim Wallace ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
% h5 f/ T3 r6 n2 P8 S7 G* \ Ken Weaver ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
( c: B1 X! y2 e; y8 f( n Charles West ....Stage Manager (uncredited)
9 Y+ h0 V" a' t$ { Larry Wheat ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
& G! M% g8 n! n9 u Patrick Whitney ....Reporter (uncredited)
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Jan Wiley ....Reporter at Xanadu (uncredited)
6 E! _' H8 B, L" |- ?8 i2 q+ Y Bill Wilkens ....Man on Roof (uncredited)
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Larry Williams ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
; a [* r. N6 l* b7 A& c Tudor Williams ....Chorus Master (uncredited)
! V, ?$ h$ ~, w+ a! I' `# T Richard Wilson ....Reporter (uncredited)
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Vivian Wilson ....Dancer (uncredited)
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Roland Winters ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
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Vera Winters ....Woman in Projection Room (uncredited)
7 ~. U; G4 y, j) I6 I9 Z0 T Arthur Yeoman ....Speaker (uncredited)
4 w6 Y" f' H L# @1 a/ |+ k" e Louis Young ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
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【文件格式】X264 + DTS
7 v" U$ u9 D& _( ~. ^7 ^【文件大小】7.9 GB
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【视频尺寸】1488 x 1080
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. n4 b& M& n5 v" v7 F4 U& c【对白语言】英语
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【字幕语言】英文/法文/西班牙文/葡萄牙文/捷克文/波兰文/匈牙利文/罗马尼亚文/希腊文
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【内容简介】
0 i( h0 C- [9 h2 G2 t2 T" w6 ^ Z 黎明时分,犹如帝宫般威严的桑那都庄园的剪影,屹立在佛罗里达州海滨一座山顶上。
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摄影机的镜头缓缓推近庄园的大铁门,铁门顶端镶嵌着硕大的字母“K”。镜头空过铁门推近宫堡式的建筑,又越过窗户,逼近卧榻上的一垂危的白发老人。只见他嘴唇翕动,喃喃地吐出“玫瑰花蕾”几个字;他手上握着一个水晶球镇纸,球心带有雪花纷扬中的农舍景物— —蓦地,手松了,水晶球滚落于地,砰然碎裂。
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被人称作“美国忽必烈”的报业巨子查尔斯·福斯特·凯恩,在76岁时孤寂地死去。
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一部新闻纪录片画面,展示了凯恩传奇的生平,一帧黑框的凯恩的照片,占满整个银幕。各种报纸头版通栏报导了这位权势人物的死讯。解说词称:“凯恩的帝国在其昌盛时期,曾经控制着37家报纸,13家杂志和一个无线电广播网。它是帝国中的帝国。”新闻镜状追溯了凯恩发迹致富的缘起,其后创办《问事报》,涉足政界,成为风云人物。他曾两度结婚两度离婚,一次是与总统的侄女爱米丽成婚,青云直上;一次是与“女歌星”苏珊成婚,轰动一时。恰恰是他与苏珊桃色丑闻被揭露,导致他在竞选州长的政治生涯中一败涂地,从此一蹶不振。在经济大萧条之后,“凯恩帝国”迅速走向衰落。到晚年,凯恩在桑那都庄园,深居简出,孑然一身,直到病逝。
3 R r, \2 s, k0 I 一家杂志的主笔若斯东,对这部仓促剪辑、止于皮相的新闻片并不满意,便委托青年记者汤姆逊对凯恩生平作深入调查,并要他卉清凯恩临终遗言“玫瑰花蕾”的真实含义,以揭示这个“美国忽必烈”作为人的真实形象。
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汤姆逊访问的第一个对象,是凯恩的第二任妻子人珊,她现在是亚特兰大城一家低级酒吧的歌女,年近50仍浓妆艳抹,但断然拒绝接受采访,一声“滚出去”的逐客令,或许正隐藏着这位当年红伶的人生痛楚。
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在费城的赛切尔纪念图书馆,汤姆逊获准进入档案室,查阅了已故银行家赛切尔未经披露的回忆录手搞。1870年大雪纷飞的冬天,小凯恩的母亲经营着一座家庭式膳宿公寓,早几年有个房客拖欠房租,便用一张废矿井的产权契约作抵押,不料这个废矿井后来被确认竟是富矿,凯恩一家顿时发迹。当凯恩母亲将他连同财产托付给赛切尔,要送他去大都市受教育。小凯恩对于要他成人后做什么“美国最阔的人”毫不理解,不肯离开妈妈和这个乡野小镇,就用雪橇猛撞赛切尔。但他最终还是被带走了,雪地上留下那副孩子玩耍的雪橇。凯恩成年获得财产权后,便自作主张买下第一家报社,出版《问事报》。他公然与赛切尔作对,兴之所至时还大谈维护社会正义,假惺惺地要保护穷人不受大公司剥削(他拥有这家公司的巨额股标)。赛切尔手稿上写着这样的结语:凯恩只不过是一个走运的流氓,被惯坏了的、没有责任感的无耻之徒。
, R. \: Z8 k0 [& I; x8 s1 m& f 在纽约《问事报》的摩天大楼里,汤姆逊会见了当年同凯恩合作办报的总经理伯恩斯坦。这位老人回忆起1890年凯恩第一天接管报社的情景,凯恩年轻气盛,不可一世。他主张制造轰动新闻而不问事实真相确否,以此与《纪实报》争夺读者。但凯恩在向公众发表的“原则宣言”里则义正辞严写道:“我要向本市居民提供一份日报,它要忠实地报导新闻……不允许有任何特殊的利益来干预这些新闻的真实性。”凯恩信奉实用主义,革故鼎新,从办报而投身政治,还把对手《纪实报》的全班人马拉进了自己的报社,甚至制造舆论鼓动美国卷入1897年的美西战争。他还怀着政治野心,实现了与总统侄女爱米丽的婚姻。至于问到“玫瑰花蕾”,作何解释伯恩斯坦则无法破解,只说,那或许是一个他爱过的姑娘,或许是“他失去什么东西”。最后,伯恩斯坦建议汤姆逊去找凯恩的大学好友、后来当上戏剧专栏员的里兰,并说此人对凯恩的私生活占有一手材料。
# C, R* T6 g/ B 在一家医院里,汤姆逊找到了坐在轮椅里的里兰。穷途潦倒的里兰对他说,凯恩是靠权力来生活的,他是个蹩脚的办报人,“他使自己的读者得到消遣,但从来没有跟他们讲过实话”。他与总统侄女爱米丽纯属政治属政治联姻,其破裂是必然的;后来,他与歌女苏珊邂逅,一见钟情,干出“金屋藏娇”的风流韵事。当凯恩投身政治、况选州长之际,其政敌盖蒂斯便以“凯恩在爱巢中和‘歌女’双双被捉”的丑闻将他击败。凯恩为苏珊修建了歌剧院,但天分有限的苏珊首场演出便告失败。里兰撰文如实批评,说苏珊不过是“一位漂亮的,然而是力不从心的票友”。这篇批评文章,里因酒未能卒篇,由凯恩代笔完成。文章见报,里兰旋即被凯恩解雇,他们的友谊也就破裂了,凯恩在政治与爱情两方面均遭挫折,自此,便隐居于桑那都如帝宫的庄园。
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一句话评论
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奥逊·威尔斯和他的处女作《公民凯恩》是现代电影的奠基石。 ——法国著名电影理论家 安德列·巴赞
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2 e. I z# l) y! u/ o3 A. }《公民凯恩》不仅是部伟大的电影,它是有声电影出现初期的集大成者——犹如《一个国家的诞生》是默片时代的颠峰,《2001》漫游太空》建立了一种指向未来的叙述——这些高峰屹立于其他所有的影片之上。 ——芝加哥太阳时报
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好莱坞的财政家们(或许还包括世界各地的电影观众)在接受纯粹的诗、传说、寓言和神话时,在这里我指的是电影《公民凯恩》时,或许他们会颇感困难。 ——法国著名导演 弗朗索瓦·特吕弗
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幕后制作
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6 O5 n( c3 X. U$ x4 G关于电影
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* i: @ G1 F+ p: G 拍摄于1941年的《公民凯恩》是美国电影史上的一部重要实验影片,被誉为"现代电影的纪念碑",在几乎所有的电影排行榜上都是风光无限,被视做"电影史上十大影片"当之无愧的冠军和头号经典。这部纯粹的"电影的诗"处在战前电影伟大传统的结束和四五十年代电影的开端之间,是一部对生活高度凝炼、对人性和社会的深刻理解以及对心理世界的理性体验的影片,掘弃了当时通行的电影美学原则(构思新颖的仰角镜头和简约而富于表现力的纵深镜头, 独特而又自然流畅的场面调度和移动拍摄, 以及音响、对白、用光的革新运用和独具匠心的配乐),改变了好莱坞过去传统的影片拍摄模式,其中某些方面更被后人模仿到泛滥,在艺术上所表现出的力量、勇敢、粗犷、冲击、娱乐性及个人体验均达到了那一时代的巅峰。
1 F9 v9 M# }2 F( A5 l/ [ 《公民凯恩》是奥逊·威尔斯以纽约报业大亨威廉·朗道尔夫·赫斯特(1863-1951)为原型,加上自己童年时寄居他人时的经历及感受塑造出了查尔斯·福斯特·凯恩的形象。该电影剧本的合作编剧赫尔曼·曼凯维支本人就认识赫斯特,并且是其情妇、电影明星玛利昂·戴维斯的朋友。影片是保密拍摄的,但由于赫斯特认为这部影片是影射攻击自己,因此提出抗议,并企图以80万美元买下影片禁止其上映。威尔斯听到此消息大为震惊,他只有一个挽救方法,就是拼命在小范围里放映影片,把口碑传出去。果然,部分同行的高度评价使得雷电华顶住了压力,否则这部作品将永远保存在少数人的记忆里。此片一直到二次世界大战才后重新发行,先从欧洲受到重视,转而在美国本土的电视上放映。
6 d5 z4 u3 I2 w) K& Q 实际上该片讲述故事的方式远比其所讲的故事有价值。影片由六段有着内在逻辑的闪回组成,这几段倒叙并非一块拼图的组成部分,而是由外向内层层剥开的洋葱。影片将镜头首次切入到人性的层面,对人性进行了深入的探讨。此片完全可以被看做是美国个人奋斗理念的寓言故事。
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该片共获得包括最佳影片、导演、主演、摄影、录音及音乐等九项提名奥斯卡提名,但由于当时的历史背景与影片涉及的现实人物,最终只获得最佳原创剧本一项金像奖。
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7 g6 [ w4 V' E9 i8 z1 ~. ?" S《公民凯恩》中的每一个角色似乎都是为演员度身定做的--不仅主角,就连管家雷蒙、政客盖蒂、童年凯恩等都有着鲜明的特色。此片的演员多数来自威尔斯的以广播剧和舞台剧见长的水晶剧团,几乎没有电影表演的经验,但除了极少数的特写镜头,所有演员的表演都非常自然,奥逊o威尔斯本人扮演的凯恩一角迄今仍是电影表演的范例。但演员出神入化的表演却无法引起普通观众的一片叫好声,原因是片中没有可让演员"炫耀"演技的场面,但如果观众将剧本和电影进行对比时就会发现演员实在功不可没。
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这部划时代影片取得的成就还表现在电影的拍摄技术上,该片首次采用了大景深镜头(即深焦距镜头),大量低角度的仰拍镜头及强度对比的黑白光影运用等。《公民凯恩》的构图基本是古典的三角形,但常在镜头的变化和停留中有一种近乎天然的张弛节奏。此外,还运用了堪称完美的蒙太奇镜头压缩时间,扩大影片容量,使其简洁地反映主人公一生的重大事件。如表现凯恩与第一个妻子离异的过程,从结婚到离婚共八年时间,影片却只用了六个镜头就表现出来了。
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为影片担当摄影的是格莱格o托兰德。托兰德加入剧组时已是好莱坞卓有成就的摄影师,但拍摄的难度还是超出了他的预料。我们现在都知道,那些超低角度的镜头都是威尔斯的主意。当摄影师表示机器已经摆到地面上、不可能再低时,威尔斯便将地板砍了,把摄影机"埋"入地下。
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《公民凯恩》的曲作者伯纳德o赫尔曼(1911-1975)也是水晶剧团的成员。这位具传奇色彩的作曲家一生配乐54部, 在其搭档奥森o威尔斯极富个人特色的作品《公民凯恩》中,赫尔曼显示出对于复杂音响和音乐的处理能力,谱写了和镜头相得益彰的蒙太奇音乐,通过音响来转换场景。他的配乐犹如剧情的忠实仆人,并在其中一些段落显示出卓越才华:他为苏珊登台写了一段酷似马斯奈歌剧的法国咏叹调,为报社庆典写了一段地道的百老汇曲子,并获得奥斯卡最佳原作音乐的提名。这位电影配乐大师后来在希区柯克那里大放异彩,其中包括1960年的经典片《精神病患者》。
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非线性多元叙事
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在电影的叙事手法上,《公民凯恩》打破了以往电影顺序的线性叙事的手法,采用了非线性的多元叙事结构,运用倒叙和插叙的叙事技巧,多角度、多单元地去表现人物,使人物更为立体鲜活。这种全新的叙事手法虽在今天已司空见惯,但在当时却是史无前例的,从而成为现代电影和传统电影的分界线。
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非线性叙事技巧并非威尔斯首创,之前有几部好莱坞电影已尝试过,但威尔斯将这种"叠床架屋"的形式发挥到极致,每一段的时间跳跃和重叠都很大,很多视觉、对白及主题在不同段落中遥相呼应。威尔斯更将玫瑰花蕾叫做"骗人的玩意儿",玫瑰花蕾的动机只不过是一个情节的嚎头,而通过对这一噱头的探索使叙事成型,将整个故事的蔓生枝节紧密地联系在一起,同时提供了一个戏剧性的问题抓住观众,这也就使得该片带有侦探类型片的模式。
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